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"body": "<p>In a change of architectural approach on the London Hospital's estate, apparently prompted by the Greater London Council, this neo-Georgian building of 1975–7 designed by T. P. Bennett & Partners differs markedly from that firm’s catalogue of Modernist post-war blocks at the London Hospital. A utilitarian laboratory block is concealed by a brick façade in a pastiche style, imitating the scale and materials of the houses built on the hospital’s estate in the first half of the nineteenth century. The seventeen-bay south elevation is broken up by first-floor relieving arches, while an attic storey lies behind a gambrel roof with dormer windows. There were laboratory spaces for rheumatology pathology, orthopaedics, immunology and biochemistry. A plaque commemorates the dedication of the building in 1975 to collaborative research on rheumatic diseases. Today the block is linked with the genuinely early nineteenth-century buildings at 37–43 Ashfield Street. In 2018, the west side of the building was occupied by the Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, part of Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, with 31–43 Ashfield Street occupied by Barts Health NHS Trust as a health and wellness centre, which includes an occupational health clinic and dentistry offices.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Tower Hamlets planning applications online: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHLH/X/50/1</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Floyer House is a students’ hostel of 1933–4, constructed to designs by Edward Maufe by L. W. Whitehead for the London Hospital Medical College. Rear additions carried out later in the 1930s and in 1958–9 have produced an extensive building that continues in use as a student hall for Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry. Of beige brick, the understated entrance front to Philpot Street comprises a five-storey block flanked by lower one-bay wings linked across the façade by a ground-floor arcaded loggia. Maufe confined external ornament to a carved armorial tablet sculpted by his longstanding collaborator Vernon Hill. Despite hesitation from the medical college, Maufe insisted on the inclusion of nude cherubim to the college arms on the grounds of ‘very widespread English tradition’. Perhaps Maufe’s reasoning chimed with the college’s aspiration to offer its medical students ‘something comparable to the life of Oxford and Cambridge colleges’.[^1] Maufe’s plan combined this ideal with clarity and necessary economy. A larger hostel had been envisaged in 1930, but its scale was reduced owing to the constraints of the Depression. The ground floor was devoted to communal activities, with a common room, a dining room, a library and a writing room. The upper floors contained student bed-sitting rooms and shared bathrooms. Each of the bedrooms was equipped with ‘a gas fire (with meter) set as a panel in the wall, a sophisticated modern wardrobe with places for everything, a divan bed, an armchair and a knee desk’.[^2] The fifth floor was occupied by two galleried top-lit squash courts, squeezed under a steep mansard roof. The north wing was assigned to the housekeeping staff with a ground-floor kitchen. Maufe’s design was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1934, and described in the <em>The Lancet </em>as ‘particularly direct and modern in spirit, relying on good proportion, materials and workmanship rather than ornament’.[^3] </p>\n\n<p>Three years later it was necessary for the hospital’s surveyor, N. H. Oatley, to produce plans for an extension to the north wing. Designed with the austerity and neat proportions inherited from Maufe, this addition secured extra bedrooms and enlarged the kitchen, staff rooms and basement stores. The south extension of 1958–9 was constructed by Gee, Walker & Slater Ltd to designs by Sydney Clough, Son & Partners in cooperation with H. Reginald Ross, along with the advice of John Liversedge & Associates, consulting engineers. Less deferential, it is a severe four-storey block with an I-shaped plan that generates an internal quadrangle with the earlier builds and a yard to the east. It has continuous fenestration on its upper residential floors and a separate entrance in Ashfield Street articulated by Brindle-brick bands. It contained a dining hall, a games room and a first-floor hall equipped with a stage and changing rooms. Fifty new study bedrooms raised the residential capacity of the hostel to 150 students, approximately a third of those enrolled at the medical college. Sixteen bedrooms were allocated to female students, who had a separate common room on the ground floor. The hostel owes its name to Professor Michael Floyer, the former dean of the London Hospital Medical College.[^4] </p>\n\n<p>[^1]: <em>The Lancet</em>, 12 Nov 1932, p.1080: Royal London Hospital Archives (RLHA), RLHMC/H/A/2/4, Correspondence with Edward Maufe, 26 April 1934</p>\n\n<p>[^2]: <em>The Lancet</em>, 7 July 1934, p. 55</p>\n\n<p>[^3]: Royal Institute of British Architects Drawings Collection, MAUFE II/C: <em>The Lancet</em>, 12 Nov 1932, p. 1080; <em>British Medical Journal</em>, 7 July 1934, p. 21</p>\n\n<p>[^4]: RLHA, RLHLH/S/2/1/120–1; RLHMC/X/55: <em>The Builder</em>, 22 April 1960, pp. 777–80: Tower Hamlets planning applications online</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>This three-storey purpose-built block of 1978–81 is occupied by the Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, formerly known as the Gastrointestinal Science Research Unit of the London Hospital Medical College, and now part of the Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry. The enterprise was originally supported by a gift from the Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation, which covered the costs of constructing a specialized building for research on gastroenterology. Designs were produced by the Hospital Design Partnership in association with Gordon Tait, architect. Faced with dark-brown bricks, the block contained laboratories and offices over two storeys and a raised basement. It was raised a storey and remodelled to designs by Molyneux Kerr Architects in 2002–4 when the building was renamed in recognition of the generosity of the Wingate Foundation.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: www.icms.qmul.ac.uk/neurogastro/department/index.html: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHMC/A/21/121: Tower Hamlets planning applications online</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>The Pathology and Pharmacy Building is a large five-storey steel-framed structure constructed in 2003–5 to designs by Capita Percy Thomas, with Campbell Reith Hill, structural consulting engineers. The main contractors were Laing O’Rourke. Clad with horizontal bands of orange terracotta tiles, the block combined fourteen units based in the departments of pathology and pharmacy, an unusual marriage that required careful planning to preserve sanitary conditions. Pathology stores and a mortuary suite were confined to the basement, linked to the new hospital via a tunnel. The ground floor has a large pharmacy supported by first-floor laboratories. One-way doors were installed between the pharmaceutical laboratories and the histopathology unit to prevent contamination of the pharmacy. In contrast, a series of open-plan offices on the fourth floor was designed to promote collaboration between the haematology and biochemistry units. There is a colourful light installation by the artist Martin Richman, and a glass screen for the mortuary reception area by Alexander Beleschenko; Vital Arts, an arts charity that is part of Barts Health NHS Trust commissioned both works.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: <em>Hospital Development</em>, October 2006, pp. 16–17: www.vitalarts.org.uk/commissions/martin-richman-and-alexander-beleschenko </p>\n",
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"body": "<p> The Abernethy Building on Newark Street’s south side returning to New Road is a four-storey block of 1995–7, built to designs by specialist hospital architects Llewelyn-Davies as a medical research centre for Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry. The building is named after John Abernethy, the instigator of the medical college that opened at St Bartholomew’s Hospital in 1791. It houses offices, laboratories and teaching spaces. Its plain red-brick exterior was painted and dressed up in 2018 by the application of perforated aluminium cladding by Wilson Mason, architects.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: <em>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography sub</em> Abernethy: Bridget Cherry, Charles O'Brien and Nikolaus Pevsner, <em>The Buildings of England, London 5: East</em>, 2005, p. 403: Tower Hamlets planning applications online</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>This is an extract from a longer piece of observational writing about a walk undertaken in 2018 by Mariame Amouche, a first year architecture student at the University of Westminster:</p>\n\n<p>As I strolled further along lively New Road, I became attracted to the recently-constructed Queen Mary Innovation Centre. Its structure brought unwelcome changes to the neighbourhood's character and acts as an anomaly against the majority of the street’s architectural style. The intricately-patterned Centre is proudly poised against the sidewalk, contrasting against the short brick homes which are repeated along the street. It stands above the neighbouring buildings as if its intention was to intimidate them. I noticed that strangers of the street were compelled to turn their heads towards the big black building, their gaze neglected the surrounding domestic homes. I watched as the evening sun glared onto the tinted windows of the Centre as it lit up the rapidly gentrifying street almost angrily, pointing out signs of betrayal.</p>\n\n<p><img alt=\"\" src=\"/media/uploads/2018/05/23/screen-shot-2018-05-23-at-182446.png\"></p>\n\n<p>This is an observational sketch made in 2018 by Sebastian Dawber, also a first year architecture student at the University of Westminster.</p>\n\n<p>This alarming sight forced me to continue on with my promenade down the street path. Several yards down the road from the Centre, I peered over at the never-ending linear geometry of constructed poles which denied passers-by a view of the deteriorating structure behind it. The scaffolding engulfed an <a href=\"https://surveyoflondon.org/map/feature/1164/detail/\">older building</a> and was ready to aid its transformation into a newer, more modern edifice. White cloth enveloped the scene almost as if it wanted to conceal the sin that was being committed behind it. </p>\n\n<p>Continue walking with Mariame <a href=\"https://surveyoflondon.org/map/feature/1188/detail/#story\">here</a>.</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>The surviving three-storey houses on the south side of Newark Street (Nos 26–34 and 40–42), opposite St Philip’s Church, were originally named New Terrace and were among the largest dwellings on the London Hospital estate, matched only by those in Philpot Street. Nos 34, 40 and 42 Philpot Street, separated by the former St Philip’s National School and vicarage, have first-floor relieving arches and round-arched doorways with fluted door surrounds. A building lease for Nos 40–42 was taken in 1839 by Henry Cook Maister, who agreed to complete this pair with 67–69 Philpot Street. No. 34 was purchased by the Rev. Sidney Vatcher in 1894 and converted into offices for the East End Emigration Society, an organization that assisted with migrations to Canada, America, South Africa and Australasia.[^1] </p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHLH/A/5/45, p. 424; RLHLH/A/5/46, p. 205: <em>East London Observer</em>, 26 Dec 1896: Tower Hamlets planning applications online</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>The bioenterprises innovation centre was built in 2007–9 to designs by architects NBBJ to provide laboratory spaces for commercial enterprises emerging from research in biotechnology at Queen Mary, University of London. Positioned on the east side of New Road at its crossing with Walden Street (on a site formerly occupied by a 1970s hospital block), the centre marks the south-western limit of the university’s life-sciences campus in Whitechapel and is separated from the Abernethy Building by a narrow service yard accessed from New Road. NBBJ worked with Adams Kara Taylor, structural engineers, Norman Disney & Young, mechanical and electrical engineers. Walter Lilly won the main building contract. The concrete-framed three-storey block has perforated brass cladding over timber walls. This metallic envelope is interrupted by horizontal bands of glazing and a pattern of vertical depressions and ridges. The brass mesh was supplied by James & Taylor to EAG, the cladding contractor. The recessed ground and third floors are clad with smooth glass fibre reinforced-concrete panels. NBBJ’s design provided a lecture theatre capable of seating 120 students in the basement and university offices on the ground floor, entered via a glass-fronted entrance foyer in Walden Street. A separate entrance in New Road provides access to three upper floors assigned to open-plan laboratories.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Tower Hamlets planning applications online: <em>Building Design</em>, 15 Dec 2006, p. 2; 17 July 2009, pp.i–xi,10–11: www.qmbioenterprises.com/facilities/specification</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>The Blizard Building occupies a large site bounded by Newark Street (north), Turner Street (east), and Walden Street (south), abutting west to the Abernethy Building and the Bioenterprises Innovation Centre. It was built in 2003–5 to provide a distinctive medical research centre for Queen Mary University. It was designed by Will Alsop in collaboration with AMEC, with Adams Kara Taylor as structural engineers. The building contractors were Laing O’Rourke. </p>\n\n<p>The Blizard Building is composed of two rectangular glass-clad steel-framed pavilions east and west, separated by a central yard. These discrete monolithic and somewhat Miesian blocks are connected at first-floor level by a slender bridge encased in panels of bright pink and red glass. An extensive basement engulfs the larger part of the footprint of the site. The sleek glass cladding of the pavilions is punctuated by a series of colourful panels designed by the artist Bruce McLean, incorporating words chosen by Professor Mike Curtis and Professor Fran Balkwill, scientists based at Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry. The building is named in honour of Sir William Blizard, the eminent surgeon and one of the founders of the medical college that opened at the London Hospital in the 1780s.</p>\n\n<p>The east pavilion comprises offices and study spaces skirting a large void, filled by four pods of pioneering constructional complexity, each ‘playful, curvaceous, hollow and equally outlandish in different ways’.[^1] Supported by a series of steel props and suspended steel hoops, <em>Centre of the Cell </em>is a two-storey children’s educational unit and exhibition space encased in an orange bubbling structure inspired by the nucleus of a cell. Its smooth surface contrasts markedly with <em>Spiky</em>, a prickly steel-framed structure zipped in a black PVC-coated polyester membrane. Both structures were designed and assembled in collaboration with Architen Landrell. Design & Display was contracted to deliver <em>Cloud</em>, a steel-framed elliptical structure raised on steel legs, and <em>Mushroom</em>, an open deck supported by three vertical concrete posts. <em>Cloud </em>and <em>Spiky </em>contain spaces for seminars and meetings, while <em>Mushroom </em>was designed as a social area adjacent to the staff entrance. The narrow west pavilion contains a double-height glass-fronted entrance foyer with a café. Service plant in the upper four storeys of this pavilion is enveloped in a utilitarian louvred exterior. To the north-west there is a ground-floor lecture theatre with tiered seating for 400. The extensive basement of open-plan and separate laboratories receives natural light from circular skylights in the yard; there is also a light well in the east pavilion.</p>\n\n<p><em>Neuron Pod </em>was constructed at the north end of the yard in 2018–19. Accessed via the central glazed bridge, this structure provides space for educational workshops, events and exhibitions. Designed by Alsop to represent a nerve cell, and carried out posthumously, the steel-framed structure rests on three legs, its body encased in a steel skin sprouting ‘hairs’ fitted with lights. Alsop’s practice, aLL Design, collaborated with AKT II, structural engineers, Total Construction, and Littlehampton Welding, the steel sub-contractor. Thirteen large prefabricated sections of the external shell were assembled on-site. The structure was designed to avoid the need to carry out disruptive works to construct foundations or strengthen the basement. There are plans to halt the rusting of the steel façade after it has weathered sufficiently.[^2] </p>\n\n<p>[^1]: <em>Building</em>, 27 May 2005, pp. 38–45</p>\n\n<p>[^2]: www.qmul.ac.uk/blizard/about/the-blizard-building: <em>Building</em>, 27 May 2005, pp. 38–45: <em>Building Design</em>, 27 May 2005, pp. 8–9: <em>RIBA Journal</em>, June 2005, pp. 46–54, 68–70: <em>Intra</em>, June 2005, pp. 31–6: <em>Architecture Today</em>, July 2005, pp. 46–57: <em>Arca</em>, Jan 2006, pp. 18–29: <em>Domus</em>, April 2006, p. 2: <em>A Plus</em>, April/May 2006, p. 1: <em>Architects' Journal</em>, 1 Dec 2016; 16 April 2019: Tower Hamlets planning applications online</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Excerpt from Historic England list entry for 36 Newark Street (listed at Grade II):</p>\n\n<p>1. NEWARK STREET E1 4431 (South Side) No 36 and 36A TQ 3481 15/497<br>\n<br>\nII GV 2. 1842. Formerly a school. Gothic style, grey brick with white stone dressings. 2 storeys, 5 bays, the outer 2 and centre advanced. <br>\n<br>\nNos 28 to 42 (even) form a group with St Augustine with St Philip's Church, Stepney Way.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Historic England, National Heritage List for England, list entry number: 1065094 (online: https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1065094, accessed 26 August 2016).</p>\n",
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"id": 161,
"title": "Living at 49 Gower's Walk",
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"body": "<p>Circa 1952, no. 49 Gower’s Walk belonged to Messrs Faircloughs the meat transporters, and at ground level consisted only of a pair of large wooden doors opening into part of Fairclough premises. Above these doors were two flats having a common front door at ground level. At that time I was a schoolboy living in one of these flats, and my bedroom looked out on to the huge Tilbury Warehouse opposite.</p>\n\n<p>I have bought old images of Gower's Walk, showing where I lived, but copyright for these exists elsewhere. Some images I obtained from Tower Hamlets Archives, showing things before the current houses in Gower’s Walk were built. There were also buildings at nos 47 and 46 Gower's Walk, but by 1950 these had disappeared or were defunct. When doing my family research I made fleeting contact with a lady whose parents had lived at 46 Gower’s Walk. I have found that the volume of history just in the one block bordered by Gower’s Walk and Back Church Lane is mind blowing.</p>\n",
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"body": "<p>During a training excavation that I supervised on Allen Gardens, Buxton Street, an NVQ Level 3 student (Josh Frost) discovered that the school on which we were working (now demolished and buried) was designed by the same person that designed the Newark St School - Alfred R. Mason - and that both schools were built to the same plan. The school in Buxton Road was All Saints Church of England Schools and is partially illustrated in Survey of London's Spitalfields volume <a href=\"https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol27/plate-43\">Figure 43a:</a> <br>\n </p>\n\n<p>Josh Frost passed his Level 3 NVQ and now works for the Thames Discovery Programme: <a href=\"http://www.thamesdiscovery.org/contact/josh-frost\">http://www.thamesdiscovery.org/contact/josh-frost</a></p>\n",
"created": "2019-01-30",
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"title": "Historic England list description for 28 Newark Street",
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"body": "<p>Excerpt from Historic England list entry for 28 Newark Street (listed at Grade II):</p>\n\n<p>NEWARK STREET E1 1. 4431 (South Side) No 28 TQ 3481 15/494 II GV 2. Early C19. Stock brick with parapet, roof not visible. 3 storeys and basement, 2 windows each. Gauged flat arches to recessed windows on 1st and 2nd floors, those on 1st floor, in round arched recesses. Sashes and French casements with glazing. Brick band below coping. Stone band at 1st floor. Both houses now form one block, former door on Newark Street replaced by sash window. <br>\n<br>\nNo 28 to 42 (even) form a group with St Augustine with St Philip's Church, Stepney Way.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Historic England, National Heritage List for England, list entry number: 1357858 (online: https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1357858, accessed 26 August 2016).</p>\n",
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"title": "Elan Court (former St Philip’s National School), 36 Newark Street",
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"body": "<p>St Philip’s National School was founded to serve the district of St Philip’s Church, providing accommodation for 250 boys, 160 girls and 100 infants. Ground opposite the church on the south side of Newark Street was sold by the London Hospital to Brasenose College, the patrons of the living. Joseph Heathcote Brooks, the incumbent of St Philip’s, subsequently advertised a subscription to raise £2,000 to cover the costs of construction. Large donations were received from the East India Company, the Mercers’ Company and the London Dock Company, along with the local brewers Trumans and Charringtons. The foundation stone was laid in August 1842. The school was built to designs by Alfred Richardson Mason, the hospital’s surveyor. Mason was also the architect of St Peter’s National School in Cephas Street, and Mile End and All Saints National School in Buxton Street, both built in 1839–40. As there, he adopted a plain Tudor Gothic style at St Philip’s, marking the central bay with a crow-stepped gable and a pair of octagonal piers rising to finials. Despite these similarities, the schools differed in plan. St Philip’s School had a T-shaped footprint comprising a narrow front range concealing a rear block that was flanked by boys’ and girls’ playgrounds. On the ground floor, the central entrance opened into an infants’ classroom. Larger classrooms for boys and girls were in the two-storey rear block. The upper floor of the front range provided a committee room and residences for a schoolmaster and schoolmistress. A kitchen and cloakrooms were in the basement. The school was transferred to the School Board for London in the 1870s but closed after the opening of Rutland Street Board School in 1885. By 1895 the building had been adapted to use as a church institute, for mission meetings, community groups, welfare organizations and fundraising initiatives. The eastern bay was incorporated into the adjoining vicarage. In 1995 the rest of the building was converted into ten flats called Elan Court.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: London Metropolitan Archives, Y/SP/93/01/A–H; Y/SP/93/17/A–G; Y/SP/93/15/A: Post Office Directories: Bridget Cherry, Charles O'Brien and Nikolaus Pevsner, <em>The Buildings of England, London 5: East</em>, 2005, pp. 440,468: F. H. W. Sheppard (ed.), <em>Survey of London</em>, vol.27: <em>Spitalfields and Mile End New Town</em>, 1957, pp. 265–88: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHLH/S/1/3; RLHLH/D/1/44: <em>Morning Post</em>, 19 March 1842: <em>Morning Chronicle</em>, 12 Aug 1842: <em>East London Observer</em>, 2 Dec 1893; 8 June 1901; 20 June 1903: Tower Hamlets planning appliactions online, including Nicola de Quincey, ‘Heritage Statement: 36A–38 Newark Street, Former Vicarage of St Augustine with St Philip’s Church, Stepney, London’, March 2016</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>Excerpt from Historic England list entry for 38 Newark Street (listed at Grade II):</p>\n\n<p>1. NEWARK STREET E1 4431 (South Side) No 38 TQ 3481 15/498 II GV 2. Late C19 vicarage. Yellow brick with red brick dressings. 2 storeys, attic and basement. Mostly 4 sash windows with Gothic arches above, fish scale tiles in tympanum. Porch with flattened gable and pointed arch to entrance. Residence of J R Green historian (tablet).<br>\n<br>\nNo 28 to 42 (even) form a group with St Augustine with St Philip's Church, Stepney Way.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Historic England, National Heritage List for England, list entry number: 1065095 (online: https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1065095, accessed 26 August 2016).</p>\n\n<p><br>\n </p>\n",
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"body": "<p>The former St Philip’s Vicarage was built in 1864–5 to designs by A. W. Blomfield. A parsonage for St Philip’s Church was intended by 1843, when ground in Newark Street was purchased for the purpose. The project lay fallow until it was revived in 1862 through the tenacity of the Rev. Alfred Blomfield, the newly appointed incumbent of St Philip’s and son of Charles James Blomfield, the former Bishop of London. Blomfield entreated the Ecclesiastical Commission for funds without success, yet was nominated for a grant of £400 by Bishop A. C. Tait in December 1863. Blomfield’s brother, the architect A. W. Blomfield, produced plans for the vicarage. A tender from Child & Son was accepted in October 1864, a low contract price probably reflecting changes necessitated by a lack of funds. The reduction of the number of bedrooms was a source of concern to Ewan Christian, who assessed the proposed design for the Ecclesiastical Commission. The Blomfield brothers were adamant that a larger plan with six bedrooms was not affordable, remarking that two bedrooms could be added at a later date. In the event Christian’s evaluation had little influence, arriving after construction had started. The completion of the vicarage in May 1865 secured a comfortable two-storey residence with an attic and basement. A narrow entrance passage leads to a hallway bordered by well-proportioned rooms. An open-well staircase with carved balusters rises to the first floor, which originally had two bedrooms. A dog-leg back staircase served the basement and the attic bedrooms. The asymmetrical brick gables, irregular elevations and polychromatic brickwork are typical of the work of Blomfield’s practice in the 1860s, including the architect’s own house in East Sheen.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>The vicarage was only briefly home to the Rev. Blomfield. Appointed to St Matthew’s, City Road, in November 1865, he was replaced by the Rev. John Richard Green, who lived in Newark Street from 1866 to 1869, when he resigned for an honorary librarianship at Lambeth Palace. Letters written by Green from the vicarage suggest that his everyday life was divided between social work, writing and the complications of an impoverished parish. Green is commemorated by a wreathed brown encaustic plaque erected under the auspices of the LCC in 1910. The inscription ‘Historian of the English People’ echoes the epitaph that Green chose for his grave. In a rare duplication, Green had been bestowed an LCC plaque earlier in Beaumont Street, Marylebone, since replaced.[^2] </p>\n\n<p>Green had considered 38 Newark Street ‘a capital parsonage’, yet it proved too small for his successor, the Rev. Alexander Johnstone Ross, a married man with a growing family. His son, Edward Denison Ross, born at the vicarage in 1871, later became a noted linguist and orientalist.[^3] In 1869 the vicarage was enlarged to designs by Blomfield, gaining two back bedrooms to equal the number recommended by Christian. An outbreak of typhoid fever in the household in 1880 led to work by John Hearle & Son to rectify unsanitary conditions in the basement. Further repairs and redecoration took place in 1883–4 to plans by Gordon M. Hills, the diocesan architect, with J. Jarvis & Sons as builders. The porch and the narrow gabled bay squeezed above it were probably added in these works, likely connected with forming a doorway into the adjacent schoolhouse. In the following year, a friend of the Rev. Sidney Vatcher remarked on a waiting room for parishioners in the schoolhouse ‘with a private entrance from the vicarage hall’.[^4] </p>\n\n<p>By 1924 the hospital was anxious to improve the vicarage, the incumbent of St Philip’s being committed to juggling parochial duties with the hospital chaplaincy. A series of improvements, including the provision of electric lighting, hot water, a coal cellar and a first-floor bathroom, were carried out in 1925 under the supervision of J. G. Oatley, the hospital’s surveyor. After St Augustine with St Philip’s Church was declared redundant in 1979, the vicarage closed. Around 1997, Radicle, a charity run by the Church Commissioners, adapted it into a hostel and a family centre for young single mothers, named after one of its trustees, the industrial relations campaigner John Garnett (1921–1997). The hostel closed in 2014 and the Shepherds Bush Housing Association with HTA Design converted it into four flats in 2017–18.[^5] </p>\n\n<p>[^1]: London Metropolitan Archives (LMA), DL/A/C/MS19224/614: <em>The Builder</em>, 15 Oct 1864, p. 766: Church of England Record Centre (CERC), ECE/7/1/27383/1: Judith M. Church, ‘Sir Arthur Blomfield – Victorian Architect’, <em>Richmond History</em>, No. 27, 2006, pp. 53–65</p>\n\n<p>[^2]: <em>London City Press</em>, 11 Nov 1865, p. 3: <em>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (ODNB)</em>: Emily Cole (ed.), <em>Lived in London: Blue Plaques and the Stories behind them</em>, 2009<em>, </em>pp. 323,404–5; Philip Temple and Colin Thom (eds), <em>Survey of London</em>: vol. 51,<em> South-East Marylebone</em>, 2017, p. 441</p>\n\n<p>[^3]: Leslie Stephen (ed.), <em>Letters of John Richard Green</em>, 1901, pp. 159–60: <em>ODNB sub</em> Edward Denison Ross</p>\n\n<p>[^4]: <em>Derby Daily Telegraph</em>, 2 Nov 1885: CERC, ECE/7/1/27383/1: <em>The Builder</em>, 15 Sept 1883, p. 371: Ordnance Survey map 1873</p>\n\n<p>[^5]: Tower Hamlets planning applications online, Nicola de Quincey, ‘Heritage Statement’, 2016: LMA, DL/A/C/MS19224/614: Malcolm Johnson, <em>Diary of a Gay Priest</em>, 2013: <em>ODNB sub</em> John Garnett: CERC, ECE/7/1/27383/1–2</p>\n\n<p> </p>\n",
"created": "2020-02-17",
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{
"id": 1000,
"title": "37–43 Ashfield Street",
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"body": "<p>Nos 37–43 Ashfield Street are four two-storey houses of around 1828–31. In two-bay fronts there are first-floor relieving arches and raised basement windows that appear to have been enlarged. Plain parapets hide butterfly roofs. First lessees were William Coltey White at Nos 37–39 in 1828 and William Pattle at Nos 41–43 in 1831.[^1] </p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHLH/S/1/3: Ordnance Survey maps: <em>An Account of the Rise, Progress and State of the London Hospital</em>, 1785, p. 13</p>\n",
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{
"id": 127,
"title": "Historic England list description for 46-48 Ashfield Street",
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"body": "<p>Excerpt from Historic England list entry for 46-48 Ashfield Street (listed at Grade II):</p>\n\n<p>46-48 Ashfield Street. Pair of terraced houses. Mid 1820s. Stock brick with slate mansards, stone steps, cills and copings. Two storeys, basement and attics. EXTERIOR: each house two windows wide. Arched doorcases to right with six-panel doors beneath decorative fanlights. To left, 6/6-pane sash windows with gauged arches over recessed basement lights. Similar windows to first floor; upper part of front wall of No 46 has been rebuilt. Mansard storey is probably a later C19 addition. INTERIOR: not inspected. HISTORY: this part of Ashfield Street was originally called Rutland Street, and these houses formed part of the development of the lands of London Hospital. An Act of 1802 led to the construction of the Commercial Road, thereby opening up Mile End Old Town for development. Horwood's map of 1819 shows the site as undeveloped; they are shown on Crutchley's map of 1829. These fourth-rate houses are the best survivals along this length of the street.<br>\n<br>\nSOURCES: A. Kennedy-Clark, 'The London. A Study in the Voluntary Hospital System' (1962) I, 191-194.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Historic England, National Heritage List for England, list entry number: 1096070 (online:https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1096070, accessed 26 August 2016).</p>\n",
"created": "2016-08-26",
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{
"id": 1001,
"title": "35–47 Nelson Street",
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"body": "<p>Nelson Street originally ran only from New Road to Turner Street. Beyond, a kink marks the boundary with the Hawkins estate and the street’s east end was known as Storer Street, after the mother of John Sidney Hawkins and often corrupted to Storey. Evidence of the fracture in landownership faded in 1864, when the entire length was renamed Nelson Street. Development on the hospital estate started at the west end, where lots were taken from 1809. The south side was built up between 1810 and 1815, while several lots on the north side were only taken in 1818. Completion of the street was aided by an agreement between the hospital and Hawkins in 1824 whereby several small pieces of ground were swapped to simplify the boundary between the estates. The only survivals from the first phase of development are Nos 35–47, a row of two-storey houses on the north side at the east end of the hospital’s land. John Clarke, a builder and victualler, agreed to complete this row in 1826. Clarke also acquired a lease for the Crown and Anchor public house formerly at 49 Nelson Street, yet was forced to sell it in 1832 after declaring bankruptcy.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: <em>The Globe</em>, 24 Sept 1831: <em>Morning Advertiser</em>, 4 Jan 1832: Royal London Hospital Archives, RLHLH/S/1/3: RLHLH/D/1/35</p>\n",
"created": "2020-02-17",
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},
{
"id": 1002,
"title": "East London Central Synagogue",
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"body": "<p>The East London Central Synagogue or Nelson Street Sfardish Synagogue of 1922–3 is a remarkable survival and a late example of a ‘model synagogue’, designed by Digby Lewis Solomon for the Federation of Synagogues. The congregation began as an immigrant <em>Hevrah</em>, a <em>Landsmanschaft</em> from Berdichev in Poland, and has maintained great continuity of use. An unassuming red-brick exterior with large round-headed windows hides a dignified neo-classical interior with Ionic columns and clerestory lights cut into a coved ceiling above a deep moulded cornice, all deriving from James Spiller’s Great Synagogue of 1788–90. The Ark is set in an apse in a simple Palladian composition.[^1]</p>\n\n<p>[^1]: Derived from an essay by Dr Sharman Kadish, see surveyoflondon.org/blog/2018/jewish-built-heritage-whitechapel/: London Metropolitan Archives, ACC/2893/313–4: <em>Jewish Chronicle</em>, 24 Aug 1923, p. 22: Geoffrey Alderman, <em>The Federation of Synagogues, 1887–1987</em>, 1987, pp. 69,83</p>\n",
"created": "2020-02-17",
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